KEPEMIMPINAN [KHARISMATIK] KYAI DALAM PERSPEKTIF MASYARAKAT MADURA
Abstract
Edi Susanto
(Dosen tetap pada Jurusan Tarbiyah STAIN Pamekasan dan
Peserta Program Doktor IAIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya)
Abstrak :
Dalam hirarki sosial masyarakat Madura tradisional,
kyai adalah elit sosial sekaligus elit keagamaan, sehingga menjadi figur sentral
dan memainkan peran vital dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Seiring dengan dinamika sosial masyarakat Madura yang bergerak -secara lambat namun pasti- pada bandul
progresivisme dan modernitas, fungsi kyai menjadi semakin terbatas dan berkurang,
sehingga ia tidak lagi menjadi satu-satunya agent of social change. Dalam kondisi demikian, kepemimpinan kyai bukan lagi berada pada aras religio-paternalis-kharismatik, tetapi berpindah pada aras persuatif-partisipatif-rasional, sehingga reorientasi peran kyai di tengah dinamika masyarakat Madura merupakan hal yang mesti dilakukan.
Kata Kunci :
kepemimpinan Kyai, religio-paternalistik, persuatif partisipatif,
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