KARSA Journal of Social and Islamic Culture

The Social Piety Index in Sumenep Regency by Analyzing Stability, Solidarity, and Mutual Cooperation

Muhammad Ali Al Humaidy — 2024-06-19

The spirit of social care is an ethical demand, and religious values must be practised. It implies that religious orientation involves the individual’s relationship with God (spiritual purity) and the way the individual interacts with other people (social piety). They range from criminal cases such as murder and rape to legal cases such as corruption and discrimination, to religious conflicts and terrorism. It indicates that religious communities are starting to lose their ethical dynamics. This research aims to describe the level of social piety of the people of Sumenep, focusing on the value of social stability, social solidarity, and cooperation. This research uses mixed methods. Data analysis involved 310 respondents in the productive age category (aged 15-64 years) spread across 27 sub-districts. Purposive sampling was used to determine the sample of respondents. Data collection was carried out through surveys using questionnaires, which also involved observation techniques and interviews as support. The results of the research show that the people of Sumenep obtained a perfect social piety index score (with a cumulative score of 83.36), including aspects of the social stability index of 84.71 (very good), the social solidarity index of 78.01 (good), and cooperation index 87.35 (very good). The achievement of the social piety index with a value of 83.36 in the very good category shows that the people of Sumenep have achieved a very good level of social harmonization.

The Communication Patterns of Husband and Wife Couples in Resolving Household Conflicts: Islamic Family Law Perspectives

Syaflin Halim — 2024-06-19

Husband and wife have different characteristics and are difficult to reconcile; these differences in characteristics can lead to conflict in the household. One of the factors that causes conflict in the household is that communication is not going well. This research focuses on the communication patterns of husband and wife in resolving family conflicts from the perspective of Islamic family law. To answer this problem, research was carried out using the literature study method. The first step was identifying relevant library sources, including books, scientific journals, articles, theses and other publications. These sources are evaluated based on the content's reliability, legitimacy, and novelty. Next, the researcher synthesizes findings from various sources to draw comprehensive conclusions. The research results identify five key factors shaping communication patterns in Muslim marital relationships: integration of religious teachings, religious commitment, gender role expectations, cultural influences, and application of religious principles in conflict resolution, especially Shariah law. Integrating these elements is essential for fostering healthy commu-nication and strengthening marital bonds.

Unity and Togetherness as a Polarization Preventer in the Ya Qawiyyu Tradition of Jatinom Klaten

Dinda Aulia Ngisomudin — 2024-06-25

A tradition is something that needs to continue and must be maintained. The Ya Qawiyyu tradition, better known as Sebar Apem, is a tradition originating from Jatinom Klaten. The Ya Qawiyyu tradition was pioneered by Kyai Ageng Gribig, carried out along with the rapid development of Islam in the Jatinom area during the time Sultan Agung ruled in Mataram in 1613-1645. With a qualitative descriptive method, the researcher tries to explain the meaning of unity and togetherness presented by the Ya Qawiyyu tradition. The Ya Qawiyyu tradition offers a profound view of unity and togetherness. Unity in religious harmony is published together with this tradition. It is creating wholeness and stability in life. In terms of togetherness in the Ya Qawiyyu tradition, it certainly easily provides a harmonious and peaceful atmosphere. It can also increase mutual understanding, mutual appreciation, and mutual respect. Not far from that, togetherness can also strengthen the sense of solidarity and kinship among Muslim and non-Muslim communities. The meaning of unity and togetherness in this tradition can easily be one of the answers amid polarization that sometimes still occurs. Forms of polarization such as disputes, discrimination, and even marginalization among religious adherents are melted with the meaning of unity and togetherness in the Ya Qawiyyu tradition, which teaches the value of tolerance, mutual respect, and living in harmony in society.

Legal Consequences of Establishing the Civil Rights of Illegitimate Children from the Progressive Fiqh Perspective

Hiba Fajarwati — 2024-06-26

This study was motivated by a phenomenon that contrasts with justice for children, especially adulterous or born-out-of-wedlock children who cannot receive their basic rights, which should become both parents' responsibilities to fulfill. The responsibilities include the right to get recognition as children, to have their daily life needs fulfilled, to be protected, and to be legally borne. In addition, there is a phenomenon that the children do not get guardianship and inheritance rights. This problem needs to be revealed through a study using a qualitative method with a multi-site model. The research location is at the cities’ religious courts of Mojokerto, Malang, and Surabaya. Through a comprehensive study, it was found that 1) juridical implications of determining the civil rights of born-out-of-wedlock children at the Religious Courts of Mojokerto, Malang, and Surabaya showed that they have not been able to accommodate the principle of justice and the best interests of the child and have not fully implemented the principle of legal progress and 2) from the progressive fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) perspective, legislative decisions, and juridical implications of determining born-out-of-wedlock children at the related Courts require renewal to formulate a proof mechanism of istilḥāq (children origin determination) and strengthen the Courts to carry out istilḥāq based on justice.

The Cultural and Muamalah Perspective on the Practices of Paroan Cooperation Agreements among Rice Farmers

Abdul Wahid Mongkito — 2024-06-26

This research aims to explain how the practice of paroan cooperation is implemented among rice farmers in Cialam Jaya Village, Konda District, how it is adapted from the perspective of cultural and Islamic traditions, and how it is adapted to the muzara'ah contract. This type of qualitative research uses several techniques, namely observation and interviews. The data analysis method used is data reduction; the results of the research show that in Cialam Jaya Village, Konda District, many people carry out cooperation agreements or what they call Paroan cooperation agreements, which are almost similar to the Muzara'ah agreement in Islam to carry out profit sharing cooperation in rice farming, but this does not mean that the people of Cialam Jaya village, Konda District, carry out the Paroan cooperation agreement in a haphazard manner but rather with the principles of transactions contained in Islam. The majority of Muslim communities make Paroan and muzara'ah cooperation contracts commensurate with fulfilling three elements in implementing the muzara'ah contract: (1) the existence of a contract or agreement between the land owner and the cultivator, (2) there is a profit-sharing system with a specific ratio, (3) the land owner provides all needs (seeds, fertilizer).

The Theological Imperative of Marine Ecosystem Conservation via Mangrove Forest Preservation: A Study of the Social Construction of Kyai Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah

Bakhruddin Fannani — 2024-06-27

This article analyzes the theological urgency of preserving marine ecosystems through mangrove forest conservation in a study of the social construction of Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah Kyai in Ujungpangkah District, Gresik. Social construction theory plays an important role in shaping society's views on the need to protect the marine environment, which is increasingly threatened by the pace of industrialization. Using the social construction theory framework by Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann, this research analyzes how Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah Kyai construct a theology of marine ecosystem conservation and connect it with mangrove forest conservation. Data was collected through interviews and content analysis of lectures and religious literature through a qualitative approach. The research results reveal that Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah Kyai have formed a social construction that prioritizes theological values in the context of environmental conservation, especially marine ecosystems through mangrove forest conservation. This construction provides a spiritual and moral foundation for society in the face of ecological change and rapid industrialization. This research provides new insight into the potential role of religion in environmental conservation and provides an in-depth view of the urgency of mangrove forest conservation from the perspective of the social construction of Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah Kyai.