A Study of The Rhetorical Strategy Used by Shabir Ally and Nabeel Qureshi in Interfaith Debates
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Abstract
Kasus penistaan agama kerap kali terjadi di Indonesia. Bukan disebabkan karena terjadi sebuah kekerasan fisik atau pun teror yang meresahkan, melainkan karena penggunaan wacana yang kurang tepat oleh penutur. Dalam penelitian ini, debat antar agama menjadi objek penelitian karena ketertarikan peneliti untuk mengetahui strategi apa saja yang digunakan oleh pembicara untuk menjelaskan doktrin Agama mereka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pembicara menggunakan strategi tersebut dalam meningkatkan kualitas argumen mereka. Data dan sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah tuturan kedua kandidat debat dalam sesi presentation dan refutation, yaitu Dr. Qureshi dan Dr. Ally. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara menonton video live-streaming debat tersebut, mentranskrip, memilih data yang sesuai, dan mengelompokkannya sesuai dengan kategori masing-masing. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis kualitatif untuk menentukan kategori dan cara pengaplikasian strategi retorika. Hasil penelitian setelah menganalisis dan membahas data adalah strategi retorika yang di tawarkan oleh Van Dijk dalam sesi presentation digunakan seluruhnya. Sedangkan dalam sesi refutation, kategori yang digunakan ialah evidentiality, example/illustration, norm expression, number game, reasonableness, dan religion self-glorification. Kedua pembicara menggunakan cara yang sama dalam pengaplikasian strategi tersebut di kedua sesi. Namun, strategi yang paling dominan digunakan ialah kategori evidentiality.
(Religion blasphemy often occurs in Indonesia. It is not because of physical violence or disturbing terror occurred, but it causes the use of discourse which is not appropriate. In this study, the interfaith debate is the object of research because the researchers are interested in knowing what strategies are used by speakers to explain their religious doctrine. The purpose of this study is to find out how the speaker uses the strategy to support their arguments. Data and data source in this study is the utterances of the two debate candidates in the presentation and refutation sessions, those are Dr. Qureshi and Dr. Ally. The data is collected by watching the debate live-streaming video, transcribing, selecting the appropriate data, and grouping them according to their respective categories. The result of the study after analyzing and discussing the data is the rhetorical strategies offered by Van Dijk used by the speakers in the presentation session is all the categories, while in the refutation session, the categories used are evidentiality, example/illustration, norm expression, number game, reasonableness, and religion self-glorification. Both speakers used the same method in applying the strategy in both sessions. However, the most dominant strategy used is the evidentiality category).
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