ASURANSI SYARI’AH ANTARA AJARAN SYARA’ DAN PEMBENARAN BUDAYA
Abstract
Abstrak:
Islam sebagai agama universal harus tampil elegan dalam mengurai permasalahan kehidupan manusia. Meskipun ia hadir sebagai blue print dari Tuhan, kehadirannya tidak bisa lepas dari budaya. Meskipun kehadiran budaya sebagai sesuatu yang berada di luar blue print Tuhan, keberadaan budaya kerap kali memengaruhi diundangkannya suatu ketentuan hukum Dalam masalah mu’âmalah (ekonomi syari’ah) misalnya, asuransi yang merupakan hasil karya manusia harus direspon secara positif karena tidak ada larangan terhadapnya dan ia sejalan dengan prinsip universal ajaran Islam, yakni saling menolong, saling melindungi, dan saling menanggung. Karena itu, memasukkan asuransi sebagai entry dalam ensiklopedi Islam merupakan keharusan, karena dalam Islam adat juga dapat digunakan sebagai sumber hukum Islam. Pertimbangan ini dikuatkan dengan adanya kemaslahatan yang ada di dalam asuransi itu sendiri bagi umat Islam. Meskipun tidak bisa dipungkiri adanya tarik ulur tentang halal atau tidaknya asuransi masih mewarnai ijtihad para ulama yang mempunyai otoritas tentang masalah itu, namun seyogyanya yang perlu dipertimbangkan juga adalah adanya sentimen positif dari masyarakat tentang keberadaan asuransi syari’ah dengan pertumbuhannya dari tahun ketahun yang menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang sangat fantastis.
Abstract:
As a universal religion, Islam should appears elegantly in describing social problems. Islam as a norms are the blue print of God, however, its implementation is not free from the influence of culture, as the out sider of God blue print. Culture often influences the enactment of Islamic legal provision. In case of mu’âmalah (Islamic economy), insurance for instant, is a man made system of economy that should be regarded positively since there is no prohibition on it and it is in accordance with the universal Islamic teaching; helping each other, guarding one another and taking risk together. Therefore, taking it as an entry in Islamic encyclopedia is a must since culture, in some cases, is regarded as a source of Islamic law. This attempt is conducted by considering the advantage of insurance for muslims even though there is still a dispute about such matter among ulama. However, the fact is there is a positive response from people about the existence sharia insurance which is proved by the fantastic development of such kind of insurance from year to year.
Kata Kunci:
Asuransi, budaya, syari’ah, âqilah
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