Kontribusi Muhammadiyah terhadap Dinamika Pemikiran Hukum Islam Kontemporer di Indonesia
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Abstract
Muhammadiyah memiliki Majelis Tarjih dan Tajdid dengan kompetensi melakukan ijtihad terhadap berbagai problem hukum yang dialami umat Islam, baik dalam bentuk pemikiran ulang terhadap aturan hukum Islam yang telah ada, maupun menemukan dan menetapkan hukum terhadap peristiwa baru pada era modern. Ijtihad Muhammadiyah terhadap permasalahan hukum Islam kontemporer yang tidak ada nashnya, menggunakan ijtihād, baik secara bayāni, qiyāsi, maupun istislāhi serta sadd al-zari’ah dengan tetap mengacu kepada prinsip jalbu masalih wa daf’u mafāsid. Ijtihad Muhammadiyah tersebut telah menghasilkan berbagai fatwa dalam masalah yang dihadapi umat Islam kontemporer. Meskipun secara kuantitas, fatwa Muhammadiyah dalam bidang hukum Islam kontemporer masih minim dibandingkan dengan fatwa dalam masalah non kontemporer, namun telah memberikan kontribusi terhadap dinamika pemikiran hukum Islam kontemporer di Indonesia.
(Muhammadiyah has Tarjih and Tajdid Councils with the competence to do ijtihad on various legal problems experienced by Muslims, either in the form of rethinking the existing Islamic law, or finding and deciding legal judgment on new events in the modern era. Ijtihad done by Muhammadiyah on contemporary Islamic law issues that are not stated clearly in the Quran, uses bayani, qiyāsi, and istislāhi as well as sadd al-zari'ah by referring to the principle of jalbu masalih wa daf’u mafāsid. The ijtihad has produced various fatwas on the problems faced by contemporary Muslims. Although there is a small quantity of Muhammadiyah fatwa on contemporary Islamic laws compared to the fatwa on non contemporary issues, it has contributed to the dynamics of contemporary Islamic legal thinking in Indonesia)
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