Rekonstruksi Kisah Nabi Musa dalam al-Quran: Studi Perbandingan dengan Perjanjian Lama
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Abstract
Rekonstruksi kisah Nabi Musa dalam al-Quran secara kronologis ini, ditujukan untuk mengetahui alur bercerita al-Quran secara umum dan bukan dari sisi gaya ceritanya (al-fann al-qashashi). Tulisan ini fokus perunutan cerita untuk kepentingan komparasi dengan teks di luar al-Quran, yaitu Perjanjian Lama). Metodenya adalah pertama, mengumpulkan seluruh ayat yang berisi tentang cerita Nabi Musa; kedua, merekonstruksi ayat-ayat terkumpul dalam satu alur kisah dan membabakkannya; ketiga, menerjemahkan ayat-ayat tersebut dengan lebih terbuka dalam suatu deskripsi-narasi yang bertutur. Metode yang sama juga ditempuh pada Perjanjian Lama. Secara tehnis, kisah Nabi Musa dalam Perjanjian Lama lebih mudah dikonstruksi daripada kisah Nabi Musa dalam al-Quran karena dalam Perjanjian Lama, kisah nabi Musa diceritakan dengan gamblang terutama di dalam Kitab Keluaran (exodus). Hasil perbandiangan menunjukkan perbedaan-perbedaan kisah Nabi Musa di dalam al-Quran dan Perjanjian Lama terutama dari sisi detail cerita. Dalam disiplin ilmu al-Quran, narasi Perjanjian Lama tentang Nabi Musa merupakan sumber israiliyat yang polemis.
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