Vigilantism among the Community in Aceh Against the Accused of Violating the Shariah Criminal Law


Abstract
This article aims to study triggering factors to make vigilantism against perpetrators of jinayat sharia law violation in Aceh and analyze vigilantism based on the same law. This qualitative research uses literature study and field research as the approach methods. Relevant books, journals, newspapers, and laws and regulations are the primary references while the field study was conducted by interviewing respondents from Islamic criminal law enforcement officers in Aceh. This study found that the emotional attitude of the community, the attitude of joining in, the length of the trial process, the experience of freeing the perpetrators from punishment, and fights between the community and the perpetrators are factors that encourage people to take vigilante actions. The research also found that the punishment of being married off, being bathed in dirty water, as well as beating the accused before being tried in the court were acts that violated the procedures for the Aceh criminal law (Qanun Jinayat). It thus recommends further research related to the reflection of the implementation of Qanun Jinayat in Aceh for the sake of achieving the purpose beyond the qanun.
Downloads
References
Abu Bakar as-Sarakhsi. Ushul Al-Sarkhisi. Hyderabad: al-Maarif an-Na’mamiyah, n.d.
Ahmad, Muhammad Hazim, Ruqayyah Razak, Nurul Syahirah Saharudin, Hendun Abd Rahman Shah, Hasnizam Hashim, and Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin. “Alternative Evidence Using Forensic Science Towards Sodomy and Tribadism Cases in Syariah Court.” Perdana: International Journal of Academic Research 6, no. 2 (2019): 11–25.
Al-Bāhusayn, Y. A. W. Al-Mufaṣṣal Fī Al-Qawā’id Al-Fiqhiyyah. Riyadh: Dār Al-Tadamuriyyah, 2011.
Al-Baihaqi, A. B. A. H. Al-Sunan Al-Kubra. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2003.
Al-Baihaqi, Ahmad bin Husain, and Abu Bakar. Sunan Al-Kubra Li Al-Baihaqi,Tahqiq: Muhammad Abdul Qadir. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 2003.
As’ ad, Mahrus, and Abdul Mujib. Konflik Sosial Di Lampung Tengah: Akar Geneologis, Identitas Sosial, Dan Penanganannya. Pustaka Pranala, 2020.
Beridiansyah, Beridiansyah. “Kajian Kriminologi Dan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Perilaku Vigilantisme Pada Masyarakat.” Wajah Hukum 3, no. 1 (2019): 89–96.
Butt, Simon. “Religious Conservatism, Islamic Criminal Law and the Judiciary in Indonesia: A Tale of Three Courts.” The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 50, no. 3 (2018): 402–34.
Crawford, Brett, and M Tina Dacin. “Punishment and Institutions: A Macrofoundations Perspective.” In Macrofoundations: Exploring the Institutionally Situated Nature of Activity. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2020.
Darida, Dahlia, Hamid Sarong, Darmawan, and Fitriah M. Suud. “Legal Protection for Disputing Parties through the Aceh Customary Court.” Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial, 2020. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i1.2250.
Drago-Severson, Eleanor, and Jessica Blum-DeStefano. “The Self in Social Justice: A Developmental Lens on Race, Identity, and Transformation.” Harvard Educational Review 87, no. 4 (2017): 457–81.
e Silva, K K. “Vigilantism and Cooperative Criminal Justice: Is There a Place for Cybersecurity Vigilantes in Cybercrime Fighting?” International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 32, no. 1 (2018): 21–36.
Elisabeth Nurhaini, Butarbutar. “Sistem Peradilan Satu Atap Dan Perwujudan Negara.” Mimbar Hukum Volume 22, no. 4 (2004): 188–200.
Gayo, Ahyar Ari. “Aspek Hukum Pelaksanaan Qanun Jinayat Di Provinsi Aceh.” Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 12, no. 2 (2017): 131–54.
Gross, Mark. “Vigilante Violence and ‘Forward Panic’ in Johannesburg’s Townships.” Theory and Society 45, no. 3 (2016): 239–63.
Ife, Colin C, Toby Davies, Steven J Murdoch, and Gianluca Stringhini. “Bridging Information Security and Environmental Criminology Research to Better Mitigate Cybercrime.” ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:1910.06380, 2019.
Irkham, Mukhammad, R B Sularto, and A M Endah Sri Astuti. “Perlindungan Korban Perbuatan Main Hakim Sendiri Dengan Pendekatan Rertorative Justice (Studi Di Kabupaten Demak).” Diponegoro Law Journal 6, no. 2 (2017): 1–18.
Isnawan, Fuadi. “Pandangan Yuridis Sosiologis Fenomena Street Justice Di Dalam Kehidupan Bermasyarakat.” Jurnal Hukum Novelty 9, no. 1 (2018): 17–35.
Isra, Saldi, Feri Amsari, and Hilaire Tegnan. “Obstruction of Justice in the Effort to Eradicate Corruption in Indonesia.” International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice 51 (2017): 72–83.
Jaffrey, Sana. “Right-Wing Populism and Vigilante Violence in Asia.” Studies in Comparative International Development 56, no. 2 (2021): 223–49.
Keitsch, Martina. “Structuring Ethical Interpretations of the Sustainable Development Goals—Concepts, Implications and Progress.” Sustainability 10, no. 3 (2018): 829.
King, Ryan D. “Hate Crimes: Perspectives on Offending and the Law.” In Handbook on Crime and Deviance, 437–58. Springer, 2019.
Kristjánsson, Kristján, Blaine Fowers, Catherine Darnell, and David Pollard. “Phronesis (Practical Wisdom) as a Type of Contextual Integrative Thinking.” Review of General Psychology 25, no. 3 (2021): 239–57.
Kyari, Adam Konto. “Managing Urbanisation through Planned Government Expenditure Evidence from Nigeria.” In Urbanization and Its Impact on Socio-Economic Growth in Developing Regions, 107–29. IGI Global, 2018.
M Abu Yusuf, Ishaq, Ishaq, and Abdul Razak. “Tindak Pidana Main Hakim Sendiri Terhadap Pelaku Asusila Menurut Hukum Pidana Indonesia Dan Hukum Pidana Islam (Studi Kasus Di Desa Teluk Kulbi Tanjung Jabung Barat).” UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, 2019.
Mahdi. “Sistem Hukum Penegakan Qanun Jinayah Di Aceh,” 2009, 179–92.
Moncada, Eduardo. “Varieties of Vigilantism: Conceptual Discord, Meaning and Strategies.” Global Crime 18, no. 4 (2017): 403–23.
Mortensen, Erik. “The Mode of Lynching: One Method of Vigilante Justice.” Canadian Review of American Studies 48, no. 1 (2018): 20–39.
Muslim, A. A. H. M. A. Sahih Muslim. Beirut: Dar al-Jayl, 2007.
Nawawi, Yahya bin Syaraf (al). Al-Minhaj Fi Syarhi Shahih Muslim Bin Hajjaj. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1981.
Newell, Michael E. “How the Normative Resistance of Anarchism Shaped the State Monopoly on Violence.” European Journal of International Relations 25, no. 4 (2019): 1236–60.
Osgood, Jeffrey M. “Is Revenge about Retributive Justice, Deterring Harm, or Both?” Social and Personality Psychology Compass 11, no. 1 (2017): e12296.
Panjaitan, C., & Wijaya, F. “Penyebab Terjadinya Tindakan Main Hakim Sendiri Atau Eigenrichting Yang Mengakibatkan Kematian (Contoh Kasus Pembakaran Pelaku Pencurian Motor Dengan Kekerasan Di Pondok Aren Tangerang).” Jurnal Hukum Adigama 1, no. 1 (2018): 809–38.
Rahmatillah, Syarifah, and Amrullah Bustamam. “Tindakan Main Hakim Sendiri (Eigenrichting) Terhadap Pelaku Khalwat Sebagai Dalih Kebiasaan Masyarakat Di Aceh.” Tazkir: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Dan Keislaman 7, no. 1 (2021): 1–18.
Rajab, Ibn. Al-Qawa‘Id. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, n.d.
Rosyadi, A Rahmat. Formalisasi Syariat Islam Dalam Perspektif Tata Hukum Indonesia. Ghalia Indonesia, 2006.
Russell, Zachary A, David S Steffensen, B Parker Ellen III, Liwen Zhang, John D Bishoff, and Gerald R Ferris. “High Performance Work Practice Implementation and Employee Impressions of Line Manager Leadership.” Human Resource Management Review 28, no. 3 (2018): 258–70.
Simonson, Jocelyn. “The Place of ‘The People’ in Criminal Procedure.” Columbia Law Review 119, no. 1 (2019): 249–308.
Suhariyanto, Budi. “Kedudukan Perdamaian Sebagai Penghapus Pemidanaan Guna Mewujudkan Keadilan Dalam Pembaruan Hukum Pidana.” Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional 6, no. 1 (2017): 1–19.
Suharso, Pudjo. “Pro Kontra Implementasi Perda Syariah (Tinjauan Elemen Masyarakat).” Al-Mawarid Journal of Islamic Law 16 (2006): 56630.
Tirmizi, I. Sunan Al-Tirmizi. Beirut: Darul Kutub Al-‘Ilmiyah, 1980.
Verhage, Antoinette, Jannie Noppe, Yinthe Feys, and Eva Ledegen. “Force, Stress, and Decision-Making within the Belgian Police: The Impact of Stressful Situations on Police Decision-Making.” Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology 33, no. 4 (2018): 345–57.
Zahrah, M. A. Al-Jarimah Wa Al-Uqubah Fi Al-Fiqh Al-Islami. Egypt: Maktabah Al Angelo Al Misriyah, n.d.
Zalnieriute, Monika, Lyria Bennett Moses, and George Williams. “The Rule of Law and Automation of Government Decision‐making.” The Modern Law Review 82, no. 3 (2019): 425–55.
Zizumbo-Colunga, Daniel. “Community, Authorities, and Support for Vigilantism: Experimental Evidence.” Political Behavior 39, no. 4 (December 2017): 989–1015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-017-9388-6.
Copyright (c) 2023 AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Publishing your paper with Al Ihkam (Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial/Journal of Law & Social Studies) means that the author or authors retain the copyright in the paper. Al Ihkam granted an exclusive non commercial reuse license by the author(s), but the author(s) are able to put the paper onto a website, distribute it to colleagues, give it to students, use it in your thesis etc, so long as the use is not directed at commercial advantage or toward private monetary gain. The author(s) can reuse the figures and tables and other information contained in their paper published by Al Ihkam in future papers or work without having to ask anyone for permission, provided that the figures, tables or other information that is included in the new paper or work properly references the published paper as the source of the figures, tables or other information, and the new paper or work is not direct at private monetary gain or commercial advantage.
Al Ihkam journal (Journal of Law & Social Studies) provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge & be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.
Al Ihkam journal Open Access articles are distributed under this Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA). Articles can be read and shared for noncommercial purposes under the following conditions:
- BY: Attribution must be given to the original source (Attribution)
- NC: Works may not be used for commercial purposes (Noncommercial)