BETWEEN THE CRITICISM OF HADÎTS AND HADÎTS PROBATIVENESS
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Abstract
karena ia dikumpulkan dan ditulis pada masa Nabi serta
ditransmisikan secara mutawâtir. Namun tidak demikian dengan
Hadîts. Ia tidak semuanya ditulis pada masa Nabi. Karenanya, para
ulamâ’ berupaya mengkaji Hadîts berikut rantai transmisinya untuk
menentukan validitas (ke-shahîh-an) sebuah Hadîts melalui kritik
transmisi Hadîts. Artikel ini akan menyoroti persoalan tersebut,
sehingga akan memberikan pemahaman tentang makna dan syaratsyarat
kritik Hadîts serta hubungan antara kritik Hadîts dengan
validitas dan pengujiannya. Validitas Hadîts tidak hanya bergantung
pada Hadîts itu sendiri, tetapi ditentukan melalui investigasi historis
dan pendekatan metodologis. Dalam kaitan ini, kemampuan personal
dan kualitas intelektual para perawi Hadîts memiliki peran signifikan
dalam menentukan apakah sebuah Hadîts itu diterima atau tidak.
Untuk itu, ktirik Hadîts tidak hanya bertujuan untuk menilai dan
mengetahui validitas sebuah Hadîts dan profesionalitas perawinya,
tetapi juga untuk mengakomodasi kebergunaannya sebagai sumber
hukum Islam kedua.
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