PERDA SYARI’AH DAN KONFLIK SOSIAL (Implikasi penerapan Perda No. 4 tahun 2005 tentang Larangan Kegiatan pada Bulan Ramadlan terhadap Hubungan antar Agama di Kota Banjarmasin)
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Abstract
Abstrak:
Tulisan ini sebagai refleksi kreatif penulis dalam memotret dinamika sosial di Kota Banjarmasin Kalimantan Selatan terkait lahirnya Perda No. 4 tahun 2005 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Daerah No. 13 tahun 2003 tentang Larangan Kegiatan pada Bulan Ramadlan terhadap Hubungan antar Agama. Sebagai implikasi politik diberlakukannya otonomi daerah, maka pemerintah daerah mempunyai ‘kewenangan’ untuk membuat peraturan daerah (perda) termasuk Perda Syari’ah. Penelitian lapangan ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan kerangka teori konflik Karl Marx dan Ralf Dahrendorf. Temuan menarik dari tulisan ini adalah munculnya perda syar’iah (Perda Ramadlan) tersebut menimbulkan pro-kontra, karena cenderung dijadikan alat memperkuat kekuasaan, politisasi agama, dan diskriminasi etnis minoritas, sehingga sangat berpotensi mengundang konflik, yakni konflik vertikal (antara masyarakat versus aparat) dan konflik horizontal (masyarakat mayoritas versus minoritas) dan yang lebih tragis lagi berdampak negatif pada hubungan antar agama. Secara prinsip Perda Ramadlan secara substantif tidak memberikan dampak yang signifikan dalam hubungan antar agama di Banjarmasin, terbatasnya akses ekonomi kalangan pedagang. Meski demikian, masyarakat Banjarmasin dalam mensikapi Perda Ramadlan tersebut tidak anarkhis artinya masih mensikapi secara arif dan damai.
Abstract:
This article is creative reflection of social dynamic in Banjarmasin city, South Kalimantan relating the release of Perda (local official regulation) No. 4. Tahun 2005 of alteration on the previous Perda No. 13 Tahun 2003 of activities prohibition during Ramadlan (fasting month) toward inter-religion relations. As the political implication of local-government autonomy, local government has “authority” to establish Perda including syari’ah Perda. This is a field study that apply a qualitative approach using theoretical framework of Karl Marx and Ralf Dahrendorf. The research findings show that the release of syari’ah perda causes pro and anti. It seems become a tool to strengthen the power, religious politicization, and minority ethnic descrimination. It can cause conflicts; a horizontal conflict -minor against major society; a vertical conflict -society against government. It gives bad impact toward religion relations. The perda of ramadlan does not substantively contribute a significant impact on the religious relationship in Banjarmasin. On the other hand, Banjarmasin people do not react it anarchically, they even perform wise and peaceful attitude.
Kata-kata Kunci:
Perda Ramadlan, konflik vertikal, dan konflik horisontal
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