PARADIGMA BARU FIQH PEREMPUAN (Studi Analisis atas Gender Mainstreaming Omid Safi dalam Agenda Muslim Progressive)
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Abstract
Progressive mengusung tiga agenda besar, yakni
mewujudkan keadilan sosial, kesetaraan jender, dan
pemahaman terhadap pluralisme. Dengan metode multiple
critique, Omid Safi mengkritisi kejumudan para ultra
Konservatif yang selalu menyalahkan Yahudi, Kristen, dan
bahkan umat Muslim yang tidak sepaham dengan mereka.
Demikian pula kritik di sisi ini diarahkan kepada kaum neo
Konservatif yang menjadikan teks begitu kaku dan rigit
serta ditafsirkan apa adanya. Sementara di sisi lain Muslim
Progressive juga mengkritisi kaum Muslim liberal yang
menjadikan modernitas sebagai kiblat utama tujuan hidup
mereka dengan mengenyampingkan tradisi keislaman
sebagai landasan moral dan pikiran. Muslim Progressive
digagas untuk mengawinkan kedua sisi tersebut. Tulisan
ini menampilkan tawaran Muslim Progressive dalam agenda
kesetaraan jender, yang menekankan pada paradigm baru
fiqh perempuan. Muslim Progressive memaknai fiqh sebagai
interpretasi syari’ah. Dengan demikian, fiqh harus
diformulasikan sesuai dan seimbang dengan tuntutan
zaman. Teks al-Qur’an dan Sunnah yang dijadikan landasan
lahirnya produk fiqh tidak harus dipahami sebagaimana
fuqahâ` memahaminya saat itu. Perkembangan zaman,
kebutuhan, dan tujuan semestinya senantiasa menjadi ‘illah
yang menyertai perumusan hukum saat ini.
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