Significance of Legal Culture Enforcement on Tolerance among Madurese Society through Inclusive Curriculum at IAIN Madura
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Abstract
The strong fanaticism of Madurese on diversities of religion, beliefs, opinions to affiliation makes it prone to social-religious conflict like between Shi’i-Sunni in Sampang. The minority group finds it hard to express their belief and build worship houses. This hegemony requires the right way to foster attitudes and understanding of values of tolerance. This article argues the importance of building public legal awareness through legal culture enforcement on tolerance. The historical normative approach becomes the basic foundation, including reviews on tolerance concept in the Qur’anic verses and Medina Charter, the concept of human right at Cairo Declaration, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. It reveals the importance of legal culture enforcement because public legal awareness can’t only be built through legal substance and legal structure. Furthermore, the enforcement also functions to maximize several existing legal products on the tolerance building. The enforcement program can be through massive socialization in public spaces both in academic areas, such as universities, and other social institutions. Religious moderation concept of IAIN Madura can potentially become the instrument for the enforcement through the design of an inclusive curriculum. (Kuatnya fanatisme masyarakat Madura terhadap perbedaan agama, keyakinan, pandangan, hingga afiliasi menjadikan daerah ini rawan mengalami konflik seperti konflik Syi’ah-Sunni di Sampang. Bersamaan dengan itu, kelompok minoritas cenderung kesulitan mengekspresikan keyakinannya seperti saat akan membangun tempat ibadah. Hegemoni semacam ini mengharuskan adanya cara yang tepat guna menumbuhkan sikap dan pemahaman tentang nilai-nilai toleransi. Artikel ini memperlihatkan pentingnya membangun kesadaran hukum masyarakat melalui penguatan legal culture akan sikap toleran. Pendekatan normatif historis menjadi pijakan utama meliputi tinjauan soal konsep toleransi dalam al-Qur’an dan Piagam Madinah serta konsep HAM dalam Deklarasi Kairo, Universal Declaration of Human Right (UDHR) dan Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945. Artikel ini mengungkapkan pentingnya penguatan legal culture di masyarakat sebab kesadaran hukum tidak bisa dibangun hanya dengan legal substance dan legal structure. Selain itu, penguatan legal culture juga berfungsi memaksimalkan beberapa produk hukum yang sudah ada dalam rangka membangun toleransi. Penguatan legal culture dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai sosialiasi yang masif melalui ruang-ruang publik, baik di lingkup akademik, seperti perguruan tinggi, maupun lembaga-lembaga sosial kemasyarakatan lainnya. Konsep moderasi agama di IAIN Madura, misalnya, bisa menjadi instrument yang cocok untuk program penguatan tersebut melalui rancangan kurikulum inklusif)
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