POSITIFISASI HUKUM ISLAM DAN FORMALISASI SYARI’AH DITINJAU DARI TEORI OTORITARIANISME KHALED ABOU EL-FADL
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Abstract
Abstrak:
Salah satu agenda reformasi di Indonesia adalah mewujudkan demokratisasi yang lebik, konsekwensinya kebebasan dan keterbukaan harus dibuka seluas-luasnya baik dalam bidang politik, hukum, ekonomi, budaya, dan lain-lain. Pada era ini telah menciptakan suatu kondisi yang mendukung bangkitnya kembali gerakan politik Islam di Indonesia, salah satu gerakanya adalah usaha positifisasi hukum Islam. Gerakan tersebut diasumsikan sebagai gerakan yang kontra produktif, karena positifisasi hukum Islam hanya akan terjebak dalam bingkai otoritarianisme sehingga dikhawatirkan akan menutup pintu ijtihad. Menurut Khaled Abou El-Fadl, hukum Islam bukanlah hukum Tuhan itu sendiri. Hukum Islam hanyalah hasil dari proses interpretasi manusia akan hukum Tuhan. Oleh karena itu, hukum Islam tidak boleh berwatak otoriter. Dalam konteks Indonesia, praktik-praktik otoritarianisme berbasis hukum Islam kerapkali dilakukan baik oleh pemerintah maupun kelompok masyarakat tertentu, yaitu dengan menjadikan hukum Islam sebagai hukum positif. Hal ini berakibat terwujudnya hukum Islam yang kaku, mengikat, absolut, dan otoriter. Dengan demikian, terbangunlah suatu asumsi bahwa tindakan positifisasi hukum Islam hanya akan terjatuh kepada tindakan otoritarianisme.
Abstract:One of the reform agenda in Indonesia is to achieve a better democratization, consequently, freedom, and openness must be opened wide as possible both in the fields of politics, law, economics, culture, etc. In this era has created a condition that supports the revival of Islamic political movements in Indonesia. One of the movements is an attempt positivization of Islamic law. The movement is assumed as the movement of the counter-productive, because positivization of Islamic law will only be stuck in the frame of authoritarianism, so feared would close the door of ijtihad. According to Khaled Abou El-Fadl, Islamic law is not the law of God itself. Islamic law is merely the result of the process of human interpretation of the law of God. Therefore, Islamic law should not be authoritarian character. In the Indonesian context, the practices of Islamic law based authoritarianism is often done either by the government or certain groups of people, namely by making Islamic law as a positive law, this has resulted in the establishment of strict Islamic law, binding, absolute, and authoritarian. Thus awakened an action positivization assumption that Islamic law would only fall to the action of authoritarianism.
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References
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