Non-Academic Constructs of Thai and Filipino 21st Century Teachers  in the Thai Movie “Teacher’s Diary”

Aljon Delmo Galang

doi:10.19105/ojbs.v14i2.3529

Aljon Delmo Galang Education Sciences Cluster, College of Graduate Studies and Teacher Education Research, Philippine Normal University, Taft Avenue, Manila 1000

https://doi.org/10.19105/ojbs.v14i2.3529

Abstract views: 555 ,

PDF downloads: 271

Keywords: Critical reflection, Movie, Non-academic construct, The 21st Century teacher

Abstract

Until the 21st Century, teachers are still seen in different constructs in countries such as the Philippines and Thailand. Though teachers' academic and non-academic roles are indispensably intertwined in the students' holistic development, the former roles are mostly the topic of query, clarification, and improvement, leaving the latter unclear. Nonetheless, the non-academic ones must be equally highlighted to educate the teaching force to achieve students' learning targets. Moreover, these roles lead to constructs, and these are seen in the modern representation of literary texts – films. In the Thai movie "Teacher's Diary," these non-academic constructs were perceived by the students. In analyzing the movie, to appreciate the literature world's cultural and aesthetic diversity, the participants identified these constructs emerging from their critical reflections. This study was made to discern and present non-academic constructs of the Thai and Filipino 21st Century teachers based on their written reflections. By using a qualitative approach, particularly content analysis, the non-academic constructs are revealed by students' critical reflection such as parental, vocational, epitomical, fortitudinous, and motivational constructs. In conclusion, teachers are seen as parents, servers, epitomes, enduring, encouraging, and inspiring. These provide insights to improve the teaching profession

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abuya, Benta A., Kassahun Admassu, Moses Ngware, Elijah O. Onsomu, and Moses Oketch. “Free Primary Education and Implementation in Kenya: The Role of Primary School Teachers in Addressing the Policy Gap.” SAGE Open 5, no. 1 (March 20, 2015): 215824401557148. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244015571488.

Alcuizar, Rebecca M. “Determinants of Low Academic Performance for Pupils in Upland Barangays, Iligan City, Philippines.” International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health 3, no. 2 (2016): 321–25. https://www.kheljournal.com/archives/2016/vol3issue2/PartF/3-2-52.pdf.

Ancho, Inero Valbuena. “Learning Korean as a Foreign Language: The Case of a Teacher Education Institution in the Philippines.” Human Behavior, Development and Society 20, no. 2 (2019): 80–81. https://so01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/hbds/article/view/158819/133643.

Ancho, Inero Valbuena. “Meaning and Value of Learning Korean Language in the Graduate School.” Thai Journal of East Asian Studies 23, no. 2 (2019): 12–25. https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/easttu/article/view/241332.

Angelista, Joseph Lasway. “Teaching as a Noble Work: Why People Join the Teaching Profession? A Case Study of Undergraduate Students in Education Programme at Mwenge Catholic University in Tanzania.” International Journal of Contemporary Applied Research 5, no. 9 (2018): 1–22. http://ijcar.net/assets/pdf/Vol5-No9-September2018/01.pdf.

Ben-Peretz, Miriam. “The Impossible Role of Teacher Educators in a Changing World.” Journal of Teacher Education 52, no. 1 (2001): 48–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487101052001005.

Bersales, Lisa Grace S. “Nine Percent of Filipinos Aged 6 to 24 Years Are Out of School (Results from the 2017 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey).” Republic of the Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Accessed November 4, 2020. https://psa.gov.ph/content/nine-percent-filipinos-aged-6-24-years-are-out-school-results-2017-annual-poverty-indicators.

Brookfield, Stephen. “The Concept of Critical Reflection: Promises and Contradictions.” European Journal of Social Work 12, no. 3 (2009): 293–304. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691450902945215.

Canivel, Lea Daradal. “Principals’ Adversity Quotient: Styles, Performance and Practices.” MA Thesis, University of the Philippines, 2020.

Cheung, Peggy. “Teachers as Role Models for Physical Activity: Are Preschool Children more Active when Their Teachers are Active?” European Physical Education Review 26, no. 1 (2020): 101–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X19835240.

Coetzee, Sonja, Liesel Ebersöhn, Ronel Ferreira, and Melanie Moen. “Disquiet Voices Foretelling Hope: Rural Teachers’ Resilience Experiences of Past and Present Chronic Adversity.” Journal of Asian and African Studies 52, no. 2 (2017): 201–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021909615570955.

Collins English Dictionary. “Academic Definition and Meaning.” Accessed October 24, 2020. https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/academic.

Conyers, A. J. “The Meaning of Vocation.” The Center for Christian Ethics at Baylor University, 2004, 11–19. https://www.baylor.edu/ifl/christianreflection/VocationarticleConyers.pdf.

Criss, Ellen. “Dance All Night Motivation in Education.” Music Educators Journal 97, no. 3 (2011): 61–66. https://doi.org/10.1177/0027432110393022.

Dhingra, Manish, and Vaishali Dhingra. “Perception: Scriptures’ Perspective.” Journal of Human Values 17, no. 1 (2011): 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/097168581001700104.

Dik, Bryan J., and Ryan D. Duffy. “Calling and Vocation at Work: Definitions and Prospects for Research and Practice.” The Counseling Psychologist 37, no. 3 (2009): 424–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000008316430.

Florentino, Lota O. “Integrating Local Literature in Teaching English to First Graders under K-12 Curriculum.” Theory and Practice in Language Studies 4, no. 7 (2014): 1344–51. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.4.7.1344-1351.

Hajisoteriou, Christina, and Panayiotis Angelides. “Efficiency versus Social Justice? Teachers’ Roles in the Epoch of Globalisation.” Education, Citizenship and Social Justice 15, no. 3 (2020): 274–89. https://doi.org/10.1177/1746197919852564.

Heble, Ayesha, and Sandhya Rao Mehta. “A Tale of Two Cultures: The Omani–Indian Encounter in the Literature Classroom.” Arts and Humanities in Higher Education 12, no. 4 (2013): 382–90. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474022212469787.

Hismanoglu, Murat. “Teaching English Through Literature.” Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies 1 (2005): 53–66.

Jäger, Urs, Guillermo Cardoza, and Luis Umaña-Timms. “Teachers as Mentors: An Entrepreneurial Approach to Experience-Based Learning at the Base of the Pyramid (An Exploratory Essay).” Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies 1 (2015): 99–113. https://doi.org/10.1177/2393957514555051.

Jones, Liz, and Olwen McNamara. “The Possibilities and Constraints of Multimedia as a Basis for Critical Reflection.” Cambridge Journal of Education 34, no. 3 (2004): 279–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764042000289929.

Kang, Hosun. “The Role of Mentor Teacher–Mediated Experiences for Preservice Teachers.” Journal of Teacher Education 71, no. 3 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487120930663.

Katz, Idit, and Bat-Hen Shahar. “What Makes a Motivating Teacher? Teachers’ Motivation and Beliefs as Predictors of Their Autonomy-Supportive Style.” School Psychology International 36, no. 6 (2015): 575–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034315609969.

Kenney, Christine Kaye, and Melissa Sreckovic. “Examining Language in Higher Education Courses.” Journal of Effective Teaching in Higher Education 2, no. 2 (2019): 85–101.

Lee, Ye Hoon. “Emotional Labor, Teacher Burnout, and Turnover Intention in High-School Physical Education Teaching.” European Physical Education Review 25, no. 1 (2019): 236–53. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X17719559.

Lopes, Amélia. “Teachers as Professionals and Teachers’ Identity Construction as an Ecological Construct: An Agenda for Research and Training Drawing upon a Biographical Research Process.” European Educational Research Journal 8, no. 3 (2009): 461–75. https://doi.org/10.2304/eerj.2009.8.3.461.

Mapa, Dennis S. “Updated 2015 and 2018 Full Year Official Poverty Statistics.” Republic of the Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Accessed November 4, 2020. https://psa.gov.ph/poverty-press-releases/nid/162559.

Merriam-Webster. “Definition of Nonacademic.” Accessed October 24, 2020. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nonacademic.

Ministry of Education of Guyana. “Roles of a Teacher in the Classroom.” Accessed November 4, 2020. https://www.education.gov.gy/web/index.php/teachers/tips-for-teaching/item/1603-roles-of-a-teacher-in-the-classroom.

Mishima, Tomotaka, Akihiro Horimoto, and Toshiaki Mori. “Changes in the Images of Teaching, Teachers, and Children Expressed by Student Teachers before and after Student Teaching.” Psychological Reports 106, no. 3 (2010): 769–84. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.106.3.769-784.

Montecalbo-Ignacio, Rona, Rodolfo Iii, and Merites Buot. “Academic Achievement as Influenced by Sports Participation in Selected Universities in the Philippines.” Education 7, no. 3 (2017): 53–57. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.edu.20170703.03.

Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. An Act to Ordain and Institute the Civil Code of the Philippines, Pub. L. No. Republic Act No. 386 (1949). https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1949/06/18/republic-act-no-386/.

Ohi, Sarah. “The Teacher’s Role in the Research-Policy-Praxis Nexus.” Australian Journal of Education 52, no. 1 (2008): 95–109.

Philippine Department of Education. K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Senior Highschool - Core Subject (2013). https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/SHS-Core_21st-Century-Literature-from-the-Philippines-and-the-World-CG.pdf.

Puklek Levpušček, Melita, and Maja Zupančič. “Math Achievement in Early Adolescence: The Role of Parental Involvement, Teachers’ Behavior, and Students’ Motivational Beliefs About Math.” The Journal of Early Adolescence 29, no. 4 (2009): 541–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431608324189.

Sangnapaboworn, Waraiporn. “The Development of Primary Education in Thailand and Its Present Challenges: From Quantity to Quality Through Effective Management.” In Case Studies in Southeast Asia, 3:259–303, 2007.

Saracho, Olivia N. “Teachers’ Roles in Promoting Literacy in the Context of Play.” Early Child Development and Care 172, no. 1 (2002): 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430210877.

Schwehn, Mark R. “Teaching as Profession and Vocation.” Theology Today 59, no. 3 (2002): 396–407. https://doi.org/10.1177/004057360205900305.

Sinha, Jai B P, Parvinder Gupta, Sarita Singh, E S Srinivas, and V S R Vijaykumar. “Societal Beliefs, Organizational Climate, and Managers’ Self-Perceptions.” Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 26, no. 1 (2001): 33–48. https://doi.org/10.1177/0256090920010104.

Thomas, Nigel J.T. “Mental Imagery.” In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Edward N. Zalta, Fall 2020. Stanford: Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 2020. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2020/entries/mental-imagery/.

Tlakale Nareadi Phasha. “The Role of the Teacher in Helping Learners Overcome the Negative Impact of Child Sexual Abuse: A South African Perspective.” School Psychology International 29, no. 3 (2008): 303–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034308093671.

Valli, Linda, and Daria Buese. “The Changing Roles of Teachers in an Era of High-Stakes Accountability.” American Educational Research Journal 44, no. 3 (2007): 519–58. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831207306859.

Vijaysimha, Indira. “Teachers as Professionals: Accountable and Autonomous? Review of the Report of the Justice Verma Commission on Teacher Education. August 2012. Department of School Education and Literacy, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.” Contemporary Education Dialogue 10, no. 2 (2013): 293–99. https://doi.org/10.1177/0973184913485021.

Wasburn-Moses, Leah. “Roles and Responsibilities of Secondary Special Education Teachers in an Age of Reform.” Remedial and Special Education 26, no. 3 (2005): 151–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/07419325050260030301.

Weems, Lisa. “Representations of Substitute Teachers and the Paradoxes of Professionalism.” Journal of Teacher Education 54, no. 3 (2003): 254–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487103054003007.

Wicklund, Robert A. “Multiple Perspectives in Person Perception and Theorizing.” Theory & Psychology 9, no. 5 (1999): 667–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959354399095005.

World Bank. “Learning Outcomes in Thailand: What Can We Learn from International Assessments?” East Asia and the Pacific Region and Human Development Network, Education, 2012. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/2723.

World Bank. “Wanted – A Quality Education for All in Thailand.” Text/HTML. World Bank. Accessed November 4, 2020. https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/thailand/publication/wanted---a-quality-education-for-all-in-thailand.

Yoon, Bogum. “Uninvited Guests: The Influence of Teachers’ Roles and Pedagogies on the Positioning of English Language Learners in the Regular Classroom.” American Educational Research Journal 45, no. 2 (2008): 495–522. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831208316200.