Influence of English and Filipino as Assessment Languages in Word-Problem Performance
Abstract views: 531
,
PDF downloads: 485
Abstract
Second-language learners frequently encounter challenges when solving word problems that are not written in their first language. This study compares the mathematics word-problem performance of 5th-grade learners using English and Filipino as the languages of assessment. The study consists of 32 5th-grade students from a public elementary school in the Philippines. The lesson delivery focused on problem-solving learning competencies, delivered by an experienced teacher using English-language instruction. Employing a quasi-experimental design, the researchers utilized a researcher-made 30-item test comprising questions expressed in English and 15 questions expressed in Filipino. Each student responds to questions in both languages. It was administered at the beginning and the end of a week-long lesson. Analyses of test scores yielded no significant difference between learners’ performance in English and Filipino items; however, results reveal students’ very low competency in solving word problems. Nonetheless, this study supports the utilization of bilingual instruction and the inclusion of Filipino translations in assessments aside from offering research points for further explorations.
Downloads
References
Alshamsi, A. S., & Alsheikh, N. O. (2020). Sociocultural Integration of Bilingualism and Biliteracy of Emiratis: Exploratory Study in a Group of Fifth-Grade Students. 3L The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 26(3), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.17576/3L-2020-2603-06
Astrid, A., Hasanah, A., & Syafryadin, S. (2022). Integrating Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Into English Language Teaching for Elementary School Students: Teachers’ Perspectives and Challenges. 3L The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 28(3), 217–230. https://doi.org/10.17576/3L-2022-2803-14
Bautista, J., Samonte, I., Improgo, C. M., & Gutierrez, M. R. (2020). Mother Tongue Versus English as a Second Language in Mathematical Word Problems: Implications to Language Policy Development in the Philippines. International Journal of Language and Literary Studies, 2(2), 18–29. https://doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v2i2.283
Benson, C. (2016). Addressing Language of Instruction Issues in Education: Recommendations for Documenting Progress. 29. Columbia University. Retrieved from https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000245575
Bühmann, D., & Trudell, B. (2007). Mother Tongue Matters Local Language as a Key to Effective Learning. Philippines: UNESCO. Retrieved from UNESCO website: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000161121f
Cabot Learning Federation. (2022). I am a Mathematician. Bristol: King’s OAK Academy.
Cacho, R. M., & Cacho, L. C. (2015). Huntahan Vocab Assessment Toward Enriching Mother Tongue-Based Classroom Practices. Journal of Language and Cultural Education, 3(1), 78–84. https://doi.org/10.1515/jolace-2015-0007
Canilao, M. L. E. N. (2018). English in the Teaching of Mathematics: Policies, Realities, and Opportunities. In I. P. Martin (Ed.), Reconceptualizing English Education in a Multilingual Society (pp. 137–161). Singapore: Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7528-5_9
Cheuk, T., Daro, P., & Daro, V. (2018). The Language of Mathematics and Summative Assessment. In A. L. Bailey, C. A. Maher, & L. C. Wilkinson (Eds.), Language, Literacy, and Learning in the STEM Disciplines (1st ed., pp. 187–205). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315269610-10
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5th edition). Los Angeles London New Delhi Singapore Washington DC Melbourne: SAGE Publications, Inc.
De Koning, B. B., Boonen, A. J. H., & Van Der Schoot, M. (2017). The Consistency Effect in Word Problem Solving Is Effectively Reduced Through Verbal Instruction. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 49, 121–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2017.01.006
Decker, S. L., & Roberts, A. M. (2015). Specific Cognitive Predictors of Early Math Problem Solving. Psychology in the Schools, 52(5), 477–488. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.21837
Department of Education (DepEd). (2011). Intensive Supervisory Support to Elementary and Secondary Schools to Raise Their Achievement Rate in the National Achievement Test (NAT). Memorandum No. 72 s. § 2011.
Department of Education (DepEd). Clarifications on the Policy Guidelines on the Implementation of the Language Learning Areas and Their Time Allotment in Grades 1 and 2 of the K to 12 Basic Education Program, Memorandum No. 31 s. § (2013).
Department of Education (DepEd). (2019). PISA 2018 National Report of the Philippines. Philippines: Department of Education (DepEd). Retrieved from Department of Education (DepEd) website: https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/PISA-2018-Philippine-National-Report.pdf
Department of Education (DepEd). (2021). SEA-PLM 2019 National Report of the Philippines. Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO), & United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF).
Englis, T., & Boholano, H. (2021). Mother Tongue-Based Instruction in Teaching Elementary Mathematics. Solid State Technology, 64(2), 4032–4039.
Falguera, R. C. (2020). Effectiveness of Mother Tongue-Based Instruction on Grade 1 Pupil’s Performance in Mathematics. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Studies, 2(10), 260–270. https://www.ijams-bbp.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/IJAMS-WLC-260-270.pdf
Fuchs, L., Fuchs, D., Compton, D., Powell, S., Seethaler, P., Capizzi, A., … Fletcher, J. (2006). The Cognitive Correlates of Third-Grade Skill in Arithmetic, Algorithmic Computation, and Arithmetic Word Problems. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98(1), 29–43. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.98.1.29
Fuchs, L. S., Fuchs, D., Stuebing, K., Fletcher, J. M., Hamlett, C. L., & Lambert, W. (2008). Problem Solving and Computational Skill: Are They Shared or Distinct Aspects of Mathematical Cognition? Journal of Educational Psychology, 100(1), 30–47. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.100.1.30
Fuchs, L. S., Gilbert, J. K., Fuchs, D., Seethaler, P. M., & N. Martin, B. (2018). Text Comprehension and Oral Language as Predictors of Word-Problem Solving: Insights into Word-Problem Solving as a Form of Text Comprehension. Scientific Studies of Reading, 22(2), 152–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2017.1398259
Fuente, J. K. de la. (2024). Overview of Student Learning Outcome Assessments in the Philippines. Retrieved March 31, 2024, from TeacherPH website: https://www.teacherph.com/student-learning-outcome-assessments-philippines/
Garson, G. D. (2012). Testing Statistical Assumptions. Statistical Associates Publishing.
Genon, L. J. D., & Torres, C. B. P. (2020). Constructive Alignment of Assessment Practices in English Language Classrooms. English Language Teaching Educational Journal, 3(3), 211–228. https://doi.org/10.12928/eltej.v3i3.2460
Graham, B. E. (2010). Mother Tongue Education: Necessary? Possible? Sustainable?. Language and Education, 24(4), 309-321. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500781003678696
Mishra, P., Pandey, C. M., Singh, U., Gupta, A., Sahu, C., & Keshri, A. (2019). Descriptive Statistics and Normality Tests for Statistical Data. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 22(1), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.4103/aca.ACA_157_18
Hurdle, Z. B., Akbuga, E., & Schrader, P. (2022). Exploring Calculus I Students’ Performance Between Varying Course Times Among Other Predictive Variables. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 17(4), em0700. https://doi.org/10.29333/iejme/12234
Jourdain, L., & Sharma, S. (2016). Language Challenges in Mathematics Education for English Language Learners: A Literature Review. Waikato Journal of Education, 21(2), 43-56. https://doi.org/10.15663/wje.v21i2.269
MacLeod, R. B., & Nápoles, J. (2015). The Influences of Teacher Delivery and Student Progress on Experienced Teachers’ Perceptions of Teaching Effectiveness. Journal of Music Teacher Education, 24(3), 24–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/1057083714527111
Magsombol, R. S. (2021). Effectiveness of the Use of Mother Tongue as a Medium of Instruction in Teaching Word Problems on Multiplication of Whole Numbers. International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research (IJAMR), 5(1), 130–132.
Morales-Obod, M., Rami̇Rez, M. N. V., Satri̇A, E., & Indri̇Ani̇, D. E. (2020). Effectiveness on the Use of Mother Tongue in Teaching the Concepts of Fraction Among Second Grade of Elementary School Pupils. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 8(1), 291–304. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.637002
OECD. (2022). PISA 2022 Results Factsheets Philippines. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. https://www.oecd.org/publication/pisa-2022-results/webbooks/dynamic/pisa-country-notes/a0882a2d/pdf/philippines.pdf
Orbeta, A. C., & Paqueo, V. B. (2022). Philippine education: Situationer, challenges, and ways forward (No. DP 2022-23). Philippine Institute for Development Studies. https://pidswebs.pids.gov.ph/CDN/document/pidsdps2223.pdf
Pallant, J. (2016). SPSS Survival Manual: A Step by Step Guide to Data Analysis Using IBM SPSS (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Perez, A., & Alieto, E. (2018). Change of "Tongue" from English to a Local Language: A Correlation of Mother Tongue Proficiency and Mathematics Achievement. Asian ESP Journal, 14(7), 132–150. https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/faculty_research/4232/
Philippines House of Representatives. (2020). An Act Suspending the Implementation of the Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) Program (No. House Bill No. 6717). Quezon City: Republic of Philippines. Retrieved from Republic of Philippines website: https://www.congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/first_18/CR00439.pdf
Pinnock, H. (2009). Language and Education: The Missing Link. How the Language Used in Schools Threatens the Achievement of Education for All. CfBT and Save the Children Alliance.
Powell, S. R., Stevens, E. A., & Berry, K. A. (2019). Effects of a Word-Problem Intervention on Word-Problem Language Features for Third-Grade Students with Mathematics Difficulty. Learning Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 24(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.18666/LDMJ-2019-V24-I2-9835
Rahman, M. M., & Singh, M. K. M. (2022). The Ideology Towards English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) Adoption in Higher Education in Malaysia: A Case Study. 3L The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 28(2), 109–121. https://doi.org/10.17576/3L-2022-2802-08
Shehadeh, A. (2020). Contextualizing Your Research Project. In C. Coombe, N. J. Anderson, & L. Stephenson (Eds.), Professionalizing Your English Language Teaching (pp. 327–335). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34762-8_27
Soh, Y. C., Carpio, X. V. D., & Wang, L. C. (2021). The Impact of Language of Instruction in Schools on Student Achievement: Evidence from Malaysia Using the Synthetic Control Method. Policy Research Working Paper, 9517, 1–47.
Starkweather, J. (2010). Homogeneity of Variances. Research and statistical support consultant. Retrieved From https://it.unt. edu/sites/default/files/levene_jds_mar2010.pdf.
UNICEF, & SEAMEO. (2020). SEA-PLM Main Regional Report: Children’s Learning in 6 Southeast Asian Countries. Bangkok, Thailand: United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) & Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO).
United Nations. (2015). Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations.
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). (2016). If You Don’t Understand, How Can You Learn? [Policy Paper]. Retrieved from https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000243713
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). (2023). Language of instruction | Unesco IIEP Learning Portal. Retrieved March 31, 2024, from https://learningportal.iiep.unesco.org/en/issue-briefs/improve-learning/language-of-instruction
Wordu, H., Akor, V., & Ojorka, V. (2018). Instructional Delivery Models and Academic Performance of Agricultural Science Students in Senior Secondary Schools in Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal of Education and Evaluation (IJEE), 4(9), 72–82.
Yonson, D. L. (2017). Solving Word Problems Performance of Students in L1 (Mother Tongue) and L2 (English Language). International Journal of Development and Sustainability, 6(8), 628–640.
Zhao, Y., & Shuting, H. (2019). Removing Language Barriers in Learning Assessments: NEQMAP Thematic Review. UNESCO. Retrieved from UNESCO website: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000372299
The journal operates an Open Access policy under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
_(1).png)
.png)
.png)
1.png)
.png)
.png){kind=logo}
.png)
_-_Copy_-_Copy.png)
